Different Cuts of Oak

What is Plain Sawn Oak?

Plain or ‘Flat’ Sawn Oak is the most common option used in most types of Joinery. It is the least expensive and easiest to manufacture out of the 3 typical cutting methods. The growth rings are generally about 30 degrees or less to the face of the board – this is sometimes known as ‘loose’ grain.

This type of cut utilizes the entire log, minimising waste and maximising yield. Because of the efficiency of this method, it is also the most affordable.  As the plain sawn (tangential) grain is less dimensionally stable than other cuts it does have the tendency to cup more easily.

What is Quarter Sawn Oak? 

Quarter Sawn Oak or ‘Medullary’ / ‘Tiger’ Oak comes from a method of sawing logs into four quarters at a radial angle, from the outside to the inside. The cuttings show-off an amazing straight grain pattern where the growth rings intersect the face of the board at a 45 - 90 degree angle. This pattern has been likened to the distinctive stripes on a tiger’s hide – hence the name also given: ‘Tiger Oak’.

Quarter Sawn is the most beautiful cut of European Oak, and has all the properties of Prime Grade. It is often used for the production of furniture, cabinetry, decorative panelling and high-end crafts.

As well as the desirable grain pattern, Quarter Sawn is a very stable and durable timber with the least likelihood of movement when in situ (twisting / warping). It is also more resistant to moisture penetration and less vulnerable to surface checking and raised grain.

Due to its premium characteristics and longer sourcing process, Quarter Sawn makes for a more expensive cut of Oak. The manufacturing process results in a lower output and is much more labour-intensive, meaning the production costs are higher. Sourcing can also be difficult due to a limited number of sawmills offering this product.

What is Rift Sawn Oak? 

Rift Sawn is the most expensive and least common type of Oak. It is manufactured by milling perpendicular to the log’s growth rings, producing a linear grain pattern. This method produces the most waste, increasing production costs significantly. Rift Sawn boards provide excellent stability, and have a unique linear pattern. This type of Oak is usually used to avoid the flecks, common in the species.

Quarter Sawn and Rift Sawn sound expensive. Can I just use Plain Sawn Oak?

Of course! Unless your finished product demands unrivalled presence, Plain Sawn Oak is the best option for all Joinery applications. Quarter Sawn and Rift Sawn Oak are not materials easily sourced and are often only desired for more elite/high-end projects.